But glaring gaps remain. He joined the Washington Post's metropolitan staff in 1966, specializing in police, court, and city hall assignments, with occasional self-assigned feature stories. Ben Bradlee: He sure did. But she finally said, Well, okay. So we did, and there was no threat to the national security, and information, truth, is not a threat to security, and we believed that. Nixon was a full-blown hater, and if you listen to the tapes, its chilling and frightening. [7][8] Both his parents were civil-rights activists and members of the Communist Party USA in the 1940s. Woodward was assigned to cover the breaking story, along with a younger but more experienced reporter, Carl Bernstein. Like an assistant secretary of defense who had been a year or two before head of a big Republican contributor and head of an automobile company and, you know, sold cars in Omaha or somewhere. And we published the next day. And it did. And my reaction was, I told her, Well, Carl and I think that it will never come out, that Nixon and his White House are so good at obscuring things, of sealing off information, preventing disclosure, that well never know. She looked at me quite stricken and said, Never? Harry S. Truman The follow-up story was based primarily on their arraignment in court, and it was based on information given our police reporter, Al Lewis, by the cops, showing them an address book that one of the burglars had in his pocket, and in the address book was the name Hunt, H-u-n-t, and the phone number was the White House phone number, which Al Lewis and every reporter worth his salt knew. One was Woodward and Bernsteins All the Presidents Men, the well-timed memoir about their reporting. Encyclopedia.com. He wanted to use the presidency as an instrument of personal revenge, to settle scores, too often, and thats not what the presidency is about. On the eve of the 2016 election, Woodward returned to the Watergate story one more time. Contributors control their own work and posted freely to our site. Woodward and Bernstein, who were already minor celebrities, really cashed in with the publication of their best-selling book All the President's Men, which was adapted into an Academy Award-winning movie starring Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman, two of the biggest stars of our era. Woodward has written best-selling books on the last ten presidentsNixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, George H.W. But it would have been I mean, there was a lot of money on the table. Woodward and Bernstein (and many others) were absolutely convinced there was a deal where Nixon would resign if his successor Gerald Ford issued a presidential pardon. Mr. President, the media is not fake news. Pakula didnt want facts alone. Nixon didnt last too long in that second term. William Faulkners books, certainly. What were some of the mistakes? Thats why we all joined this business. And a college dropout. "[32], Differences between Bernstein and Woodward, A Woman in Charge: The Life of Hillary Rodham Clinton, A Woman In Charge: The Life of Hillary Rodham Clinton, "Carl Bernstein on Trump and the Current State of Journalism", "Yes, kids, there is life after high school", "He Went From Watergate to 'Heartbun,' From Investigative Superstar to Celebrity Dinner Guest. So we tried to just keep people out of the building. They were tireless young reporters, fearless and not intimidated by the very powerful people they were investigating. Richard Matthew Pious Bernstein was the first to suspect that President Nixon was involved, and he found a laundered check that linked Nixon to the burglary. Listen to the music that blared in static-y mono glory from 77, WABC, on the beach those Watergate summers, from Lynyrd Skynyrd ("Now Watergate does not bother me") to David Bowie ("Do you remember your President Nixon?"). Pakulas notes, dated May 2, 1975, indicate that hed concluded this about the two reporters: * Bob thought Carl was hype, no follow-through. Since 2003, he has written four books on President George W. Bushs conduct of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq: Bush at War, Plan of Attack, State of Denial and The War Within. The Post is a very competitive institution, and I think that was the main reason. ." Other than Woodward and Bernstein, no personalities prominent in Watergate were the subjects of a bestselling memoir, the inspiration for a star-studded motion picture, and the protectors of a mythical source who eluded conclusive identification for decades. And of course, Muskie was going to be the strong candidate against Nixon. And he would be going over to the White House to give Nixon the news that he didnt have any his support in the Senate was eroding. At that period, what did you like to read? Although the movie is the result of Redfords determination to get it made as the Watergate story unfolded, its authenticity and endurance have everything to do with its director, Alan J. Pakula, who morphed into a Sigmund Freud with notepad before any camera rolled. Deep Throat is the pseudonym given to the secret informant who provided information in 1972 to Bob Woodward, who shared it with Carl Bernstein.Woodward and Bernstein were reporters for The Washington Post, and Deep Throat provided key details about the involvement of U.S. president Richard Nixon's administration in what came to be known as the Watergate scandal. The truth that few wanted to confront was Nixon wasn't really unique at all -- just a peculiarly rotten and inept defender of a system, the national security state, that actually didn't work at all, that was corrupt to its very core. It is, however, a simplistic trope that not even Watergate-era principals at the Post embraced. W. Joseph Campbell does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment. Bob Woodward: I was not married at the time and loved being free to do something. Do you remember? Ehrlichman? Make no mistake (as Nixon himself was fond of saying), what Woodward and Bernstein accomplished from 1972 to 1974 was incredible and deserving of all the accolades they received at the time. Mr. Bradlee, its important to remember that Nixon was re-elected during this period. ", To read excerpts, click here. Bob Woodward: No, not that I can think of. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. 25 Feb/23. Thanks to their investigation and reporting, the American people had a deep look into Nixon's role in the break-ins and cover-ups. And I was going on an unknown path, and that concerned him, but when I got into it and then went to work for the Post, he was quite supportive. Although Woodward was reluctant to talk about himself as a reporter, he was determined to expose other peoples secrets. Ben Bradlee: Well, right away, with Hunts name and the White House telephone number in there. Woodward would only reveal his informant was an individual working in the Executive Branch. Why has the heroic-journalist interpretation of Watergate persisted through the 50 years since burglars linked to Nixons campaign were arrested at the Watergate complex in Washington? People who are basically truth-tellers, want to help somebody, know that the truth is cleansing, that the truth is a good thing, that the society needs to function on that. Bernstein and Woodward's All the President's Men (1974) and The Final Days (1976) capture the excitement of the chase, the enormity of the constitutional crisis, and the agony of the downfall. You want it to be fair. Did you? and he said, No. And the whole town shook, as far as Im concerned, because that was the first time we had been accused of getting anything wrong. It taught me the benefits of collaboration, and that collaboration is a wonderful thing. Carl Bernstein (born 1944) and Robert Woodward (born 1943), investigative reporters for the Washington Post, wrote a series of articles about the Watergate scandals that led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon. And most of us had served in World War II. People who went to Wheaton College had to sign a pledge: no drinking, smoking, dancing, movies, playing of cards. In January 1975, five months after President Nixon had resigned, Pakula flew to Washington to begin in-depth interviews with a dozen of the principals involved in unraveling the Watergate tale. Perfect. Sunburned from swimming laps in the forced labor of summer recreation camp, I raced home so I could catch John Dean's afternoon testimony before the Senate Watergate committee, and the next summer I read the paperback version of the committee's report by flashlight at a campground along the Delaware River, while raccoons scurried under my tent. Dont tell me never. Dont let things elude us. Id have drinks with him early all of late July and early August. Mr. Woodward, there is an interesting scene in the book and in the film All the Presidents Men where you tap out a story and Carl Bernstein immediately starts rewriting it, and youre miffed. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. It was a difficult time to be associated with something youre pretty sure is not right. What in my business Ive found is that we basically do have a free press, that we can operate independently. Bob Woodward has two daughters, Tali and Diana. Mr. Woodward, tell us what it felt like to you personally when Nixon stepped down. He lives in Washington, D.C. with his wife, Elsa Walsh, a writer for The New Yorker. No surprises. Were there siblings? It was never conclusively established that this had been done by the Nixon campaign, but one of the people in the White House acknowledged to one of our reporters that he had written it. Our lawyers were telling us that and this New York judge had ruled that the statute says whoever has reason to believe that publication of certain information will threaten the national security of the United States shall be this was a civil suit, but the criminal equivalent, which they would certainly have done had they convicted us, would have put us in jail, put us all in jail, including Katharine Graham, or the possibility of it. Bob Woodward was born to a conservative family in the Midwest (via CBS News). He was rebellious, which led to him failing out of college. You dont have a context for it, so it destroys the very notion of context, because the only context you know as a child is family. For over 30 years, the informants identity was known only to the man himself, and to Woodward, Bernstein and Bradlee. Whats the government up to? But then, of course, if you think about it, Nixon is the one who did himself in. The story was true, but he had never testified to it because they never asked him. In her interview with Pakula, Ephron tried to rehabilitate her boyfriends reputation. I think journalism is a practice, like law, that you keep learning. He was assigned to the police beat, from 7:00 in the evening to 3:00 in the morning, but he did not limit his work activities to his assigned hours. First, the spokesmen at the White House, Ziegler and some of those guys, and next the Attorney General, and Chuck Colson, all of those people, the White House aides, were lying. And so the other day they wrote a lengthy piece -- their first joint byline in 36 years -- trying to correct all the myths about Watergate that have risen in the years since. So he didnt think it was a good idea. Most of us had quite fancy security clearances in that capacity. Together, they became Hollywood icons. This was the lesson of Watergate: Nixon Exceptionalism, that the 37th president was so "uniquely and pervasively" corrupt that the fair and decent American "system worked" and removed him on the basis of the objective, indisputable fact of his evil. Professor of Communication Studies, American University School of Communication. Bob Woodward: We accused some people of things they didnt do that were based on some reports, written reports. Bob Woodward: Of course. Woodward stayed at The Washington Post. You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Los Angeles Times. It was, after all, the courts unanimous ruling in July 1974, ordering Nixon to surrender tapes subpoenaed by the Watergate special prosecutor, that sealed the presidents fate. Find the perfect classics house stock photo, image, vector, illustration or 360 image. JAWORSKI, LEON The first report featuring the now legendary journalists came on June 19, 1972, two days after the break-ins and arrest of the conspirators (via Constitution Center). Well, I was down there. He was a very well-regarded lawyer in town. As the stakes increased, and as the White House looked more and more threatened, and Nixon himself looked more threatened, and his office became threatened, we just were determined that we werent going to make any silly mistake. Get our L.A. Bob Woodward: Sure. Passion and obsession intertwine in Fire of Love, With characters wise and reassuring, animated short The Boy, the Mole comforts. Ben Bradlee: Probably the first or second day, really. What are you most proud of, looking back on your career so far? Ben Bradlee: I was at The Washington Post, and I couldnt believe it. The role of Congress and the courts -- where even Republicans refused to turn a blind eye to a Republican president's wrongdoing -- was critical to this belief, but it was the journalist at the very top of this moral pyramid. They were the first to reveal the tapes, and they were always ahead of the curve, but there was a lot of great reporting done by other people, Sy Hersh, the Los Angeles Times, they all did really good work. Fresh out of the Navy, Bob Woodward washed out in his first attempt to work for The Washington Post, and went to work for a tiny suburban weekly. Editors looked around and thought, Who could we call in? As Hoffman ran, Bernstein, already a celebrity, understood how much had happened in the three years since five burglars broke into the Democratic Party headquarters at the Watergate hotel. In general, Shepard said, "They had a hard time. [citation needed], Two years after leaving ABC News, Bernstein released the book Loyalties: A Son's Memoir, in which he revealed that his parents had been members of the Communist Party of America. David Halberstam, The Powers That Be (1979) places the Bernstein and Woodward story into a history of recent American journalism. / CBS. In 1974, if they had only gotten their (Washington Post) salaries, Woodward would have earned $15,000 and Bernstein $18,000. White bread. Woodward and Bernstein were successful at concealing the identity of their informant until 2005 when he outed himself due to the public. When Woodward left the Navy, American involvement in Vietnam and domestic opposition to the war were at their height. These guys lied because they didnt know the truth, and they couldnt believe that they were being lied to. Watergate was the biggest political scandal of the century. There was a letter forged, saying that Muskie had made some disparaging remark about Canadians, and Muskie got very upset. After a brief period of national self-examination and a few watered-down post-Watergate reforms, the sins that Woodward and Bernstein attribute uniquely to Nixon, including the squelching of dissent and the discrediting of journalism, resumed with an intensity just as great as the early 1970s. How do I pay someone back, either good or bad, for what they have done to me?. By his own admission he failed at that". During his marriage to Ephron, Bernstein met Margaret Jay, daughter of British Prime Minister James Callaghan and wife of Peter Jay, then UK ambassador to the United States. I was the lowest-paid reporter at The Washington Post, because they would only give you credit with the Newspaper Guild if you had worked for a daily, and I had worked for a weekly. Did they support you, or did they think it was a little strange? Sometimes, Felt would speak on the phone, but on other occasions, he would meet Woodward in a parking garage in Virginia. He was a much better writer. Im thinking of the bookAs I Lay Dying, which is from all different characters points of view, like interviewing people for a story. The New York Times played the lead role but we played a role too. The work of Woodward and Bernstein was called "maybe the single greatest reporting effort of all time" by longtime journalism figure Gene Roberts.[2]. Yet I knew that he was right.. That, at least, was the interpretation of the late Stanley Kutler, one of Watergates leading historians, who noted: You had to have that kind of corroborative evidence to nail the president of the United States.. They show how Pakula came to view his protagonists. You mentioned that you had been at the Post for nine months. [18], Bernstein left the Post in 1977 and expanded into other areas due to his reputation from the Watergate reporting. head of the CRP. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Who were your favorite authors? A judge told the Times they couldnt publish it, so a judge would tell us the same thing. We didnt allow television in for six months, I dont think. What I try to do is piece together how people make decisions. The duo of Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein have become synonymous with reporting the comings and goings of the Watergate scandal. And when, the next day, Woodward this is probably Sunday or maybe Monday, because the burglary was Saturday morning early called the number and asked to speak to Mr. Hunt, and the operator said, Well, hes not here now; hes over at such-and-such a place, gave him another number, and Woodward called him up, and Hunt answered the phone, and Woodward said, We want to know why your name was in the address book of the Watergate burglars. And there is this long, deathly hush, and Hunt said, Oh, my God! and hung up. They were tireless young reporters, fearless and not intimidated by the very powerful people they were investigating. Maybe it was 16, but he had fully a decade-plus of experience under his belt. You had a lot of Cuban or Spanish-speaking guys in masks and rubber gloves, with walkie-talkies, arrested in the Democratic National Committee Headquarters at 2:00 in the morning. ALICIA C. SHEPARD, who teaches journalism at American University, is the author of "Woodward and Bernstein: Life in the Shadow of Watergate. The best duos complement the other's strengths. shaka wear graphic tees is candy digital publicly traded ellen lawson wife of ted lawson what was the advice to woodward and bernstein. Goldwater Republican. So we started phrasing it close to resignation, and debating resignation, and then, finally, we learned that I think he was going to do it at nine oclock at night, or eight oclock at night. [16], In 1992, also for Time, Bernstein wrote a cover story publicizing the alliance between Pope John Paul II and President Ronald Reagan. She had what I call Mind on, hands off. She was intellectually engaged in the news, but her hands were not directing, not saying, Investigate this, dont investigate that, give the emphasis here. That was Bradlee and the editors job. And she had a style of I want to know whats going on. Robert Upshur Woodward, born on March 26, 1943, in Geneva, Illinois, attended Yale University on a Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) scholarship, after which he served for five years as a naval officer. His parents were members of the Communist Party. Bob Woodward: Well, we looked at it differently. Ben Bradlee: A book had been taken out of the library. Alicia Shepard fills in the gaps in her very candid book, "Woodward and Bernstein: Life in the Shadow of Watergate.". Ben Bradlee: Because the kids were right. A community high school history teacher named Elizabeth Duncan who taught American history and was a great teacher. It was also the fact that they were so different, and that they were lowly metro reporters. At the end of his military service, Woodward applied to Harvard Law School, and was accepted for the fall 1970 term, but he chose to pursue a career in journalism instead. With astonishing regularity, Woodward has continued to produce bestselling books on previously hidden aspects of American life. As the Watergate scandal unfolded in the pages of the Washington Post in the early 1970s, the two reporters who first broke the story became just as famous as the people they were writing about. An informant in the federal government, it was not until 2005 that the public finally put a name on Deep Throat. The dichotomy intrigued Pakula. The processes that caused [Nixons] resignation were constitutional., Grahams words, however accurate and incisive, scarcely altered the dominant popular interpretation of Watergate. Woodward noted how Bernstein had taught him about the importance of being very aggressive, and recalled how Bernstein had clambered aboard a full cab with the Watergate burglars lawyers to get information and borrowed $20 from Woodward, which he did not return. Knopf had a first printing of 275,000 copies. Then in March 1973 one of the Watergate burglars, James McCord, a former CIA official, wrote a letter to Judge John Sirica, who was trying his case, that essentially confirmed the Bernstein and Woodward stories. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Vertalingen van het uitdrukking IK BEN BOB WOODWARD van nederlands naar engels en voorbeelden van het gebruik van "IK BEN BOB WOODWARD" in een zin met hun vertalingen: En ik ben Bob Woodward .. They were after us and The New York Times. In the end, the real exceptionalism of Richard Nixon was merely that he was dumb enough to get caught. In addition, they tracked down and interviewed a large number of people who gradually revealed various pieces of the puzzle. ", After Watergate, Shepard says, the two went in "completely different directions. I think they were really out to get to the bottom of the story. The distinct memories I have of books are from college. You have kids who werent born at that time doing term papers on it at colleges and high schools. There were other burglaries. And we had to be sure the headline was right. Ben Bradlee: Four hundred stories about Watergate in The Washington Post Four hundred in two years and two months. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Bob can formulate and Carl can draw conclusions.. But in the end, its only a glancing blow. It was already changing, but he certainly speeded it along. He persuaded The Washington Post to give him an unpaid two-week try-out. What an incredible jump in your fortunes as a journalist, from one year on a little suburban paper to The Washington Post. Woodward also got a dig in about Bernsteins famed love of the ladies, recalling Bernstein got a list of people who worked on the Richard Nixon re-election campaign from an ex-girlfriend. When we found out who had taken it out, it was Hunt, and everybody said, What the hell is Hunt doing taking a book on Teddy Kennedy. You want to deal a careful glancing blow. Additionally, he is a regular political commentator on CNN. You probably didnt sleep a whole lot that night. It turned out that he hadnt been asked, and that interested us a great deal, because if the prosecution wasnt asking him those interesting questions, that suggested that there was a reason they werent, and the reason might be that they were trying to cover it up. Bob Woodward: Oh, yes. [20], He then began working for ABC News. He soon became the papers leading reporter, and by September 1971, the Post was ready to give him another try. In the watergate scandal, Jaworski, Starr, Kenneth Winston [3] The Star, however, unofficially required a college degree to write for the paper. Youre not used to seeing your actions. And I called my father, who was a judge at that point, or about to become a judge, and said, Im not going to law school, but have this job at a newspaper he had never heard of. Im out there doing it, and if theres pressure or debate or controversy, theyre absorbing that pressure. Ben Bradlee: Its a good story. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. I think most people feel that the old Post would have just sat by. Hed started at age two, I think. However, the wiretapped failed to work properly and on June 17, five of the men broke back into the DNC's office in the Watergate Hotel. 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