bafang regenerative braking

Thats fine as long as your battery has charge. The G310 is a rear cassette motor and both it and the front use the nearly silent helical gears with high reduction ratios. This type of braking system captures energy that is otherwise lost when brakes are applied, and uses it to recharge the bikes battery. So it is perfectly possible to run a fast and powerful offroad ebike, and then have it throttled to say 250 watts and 24kph to meet the European electric bike limits when riding on road. This stored energy can then be used to power your bikes lights or other accessories, or even give you a boost when you start pedaling again. It is a higher end setup designed around the Phaserunner or Baserunner_L10 motor controllers. However, the motor must also tie into the mechanical drivechain. To keep it simple, think about it as an amplifier. The motor swaps directions when you move your foot from the accelerator to the brake pedal and begins to put energy back Crystalyte H Kit: The H35 series from Crystalyte had been our standard direct drive hub motor for many years because it had side cable exit, reasonably good disk brake compatibility and the 35mm wide stator and magnets gives it about 30% more torque than most inexpensive hubs with 24-27mm magnets. E-bikes can be incredibly motivating and enjoyable and if converting your standard bike to electric helps you to ditch the car on a regular basis, then the answer becomes clear. Future Publishing Limited Quay House, The Ambury, If you only need the bike for occasional use, then you can opt for a less expensive model. If you have hydraulic brakes and/or want to preserve your existing brake levers rather than replace them, then the universal tripwire cutoff sensor that can be attached to the brakes you've already got installed. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. Shengyi SX Geared Kit: These are geared front and rear hub motors that are slightly larger and more powerful than the Bafang G31X series. Hi, I am Jonathan Smith. With a hub-drive motor, you can theoretically harvest the kinetic energy of an e-bike on overrun. WebBafang Ultra Motor Removal Steps. It's simple and works great, but after a while you can find yourself suffering a bit of throttle fatigue especially, on longer trips. All of our controllers will accept just a simple throttle input without any kind of display. Cargo e-bikes hauling a heavy load? If not, then it is possible to source the battery yourself, but be sure about what you are getting. something with a bafang mid drive will be real easy on your knees! WebThe Bafang G310 rear geared motor kits are ideal for those who want a small and lightweight geared motor in the lower power 250-500 watt range on bikes with slotted rear Rides: Cannondale Topstone Lefty, Cannondale CAAD9, Enve Melee, Look 795 Blade RS, Priority Continuum Onyx. If mid-drive seems overwhelming, this is an excellent option. Why don't more electric bikes have regen brakes? If you are interested in fitting an electric bike conversion kit to one of your own bikes, it's best to consider your own personal requirements first and do plenty of research. What is your budget? Why buy a whole new bike when the best electric bike conversion kits allow you to save money while recycling your current one? Regenerative brakes can be expensive, so youll want to make sure that you choose a kit that fits within your budget. And , it has all the features most riders need including regenerative brakes , 7 speed Shimano gearing ,and front and rear cargo racks . When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. The motor controller manages the torque of the motor. Then you may want to choose a conversion kit based on your range and journey needs. How to Change Rear Wheel on Electric Bike. $409.00/ea. His ten-year background spans topics from tech to culture and includes work for the Seattle Times, the Houston Press, Medium's OneZero, WebMD, and MailChimp. You can increase the speed by either increasing your battery voltage (say running 48V instead of 36V), or choosing a higher RPM motor winding (like the eZee 350rpm model rather than 250rpm model) and keeping the voltage the same. The Pendix system does the same thing as other kits but it has a dealer network that handles sales, support, and installation. All the Bafang controller problems (such as the long and inconstant stop delay, the inconstant start delay, the slightly oscillating riding behaviour, and many more) are completely eliminated. Riding on pavement this only becomes an issue at pretty high power levels (>1500 watts), but when climbing hills on loose gravel or dirt roads, you can end up with the front wheel skidding pretty easily even at fairly modest powers unless you deliberately lean over the handlebars. Some systems, such as the Pendix kit listed above, are only sold via physical stores and the fitting is sold as part of the overall package. Usually people with twist grip shifters will opt for a thumb throttle, while those with lever shifters could choose between a thumb style or a twist grip. For more information on PAS sensors and Torque sensors, see our guide to Advanced PAS Kits and our more generalLearning Page on Pedal Assist Systems. Regenerative braking is a great feature to have on an electric bike, but not all electric bikes have it. WebRegenerative braking, even though it sounds great on paper and you think you could ride forever with it, the reality is its just not that practical. The amount of power that can be generated depends on a number of factors, including the weight of the bike, speed, and terrain. * js responsible for adding the anchor links to the page. They do sell brake sensors you can mount in the middle of a brake cable. The weight sits low in the frame and the power gets applied to the crank for a more natural sensation. WebThe motor was spinning (making a strange sound while doing so) but it was not moving the chainring. The main advantage of this system is that its much lighter than a hub motor system, since youre not adding any extra motors or batteries to the bike. A regenerative braking controller can help to increase the range of your electric bike, and it can also make your ride more efficient overall. You can, however, recapture a lot of energy by slowing down from high speeds. WebRegenerative braking involves using the motor as a brake to assist in slowing the bike down without wearing your mechanical brakes. You need a battery, of course, so when browsing online,make sure the kit you select has one included. in Journalism from CSU Long Beach. This particular option covers everything you need for a mid-drive motor conversion kit. Our expert reviewers spend hours testing and comparing products and services so you can choose the best for you. For a number of reasons, almost all geared motors also include a freewheeling clutch so that the wheel will spin freely and not turn the motor over if you are coasting. These features are not required for people using the hub motors within their nominal power range, but for those who like to push the envelope a bit they are golden. First, youll want to consider how often youll be using the bike and what kind of terrain youll be riding on. Different standards make it challenging to figure out exactly what you need and there's more work involved in adding the parts. Direct drive motors don't have a clutch, allowing them to do regenerative braking, but this also means that there is some motor drag while coasting as the magnets are always moving past the stator iron. This extends the range of the RadWagon 4, particularly when traveling downhill or in stop-and-go traffic. However, its also less efficient at capturingenergy than some other options because of how it attaches to your existing brakes instead of directly integrating with them . All rights reserved. eZee Kit: The eZee system is our popular high performance geared motor setup, and has about twice the power and torque capability of the Bafang G31X motor (500-1000 watts), making it better suited for steeper climbs and cargo hauling. This allows for you to push the envelope of sustained power and torque output from a given motor without risk of damaging the hub. In general, we find that geared motors are most often preferred by people who value their smaller size and weight, who require a hub with good efficiency during hill climbing, and for whom the ability to coast with zero drag outweighs the benefits of regenerative braking. His ten-year background spans topics from tech to culture and includes work for the Seattle Times, the Houston Press, Medium's OneZero, WebMD, and MailChimp. It might be, but it's also just as possible that it's a better candidate for a sale. Many electric bikes now come with regenerative braking, which helps to recharge the battery while youre riding. - YouTube All an EV-maker needs to do to implement regenerative braking is design a mechanism for the current generated by the decelerating motor to flow back into the All of our hub motors can be configured to spin as fast or as slow as you like. With an electric motor dramatically increasing the torque, using a low-quality or worn drivetrain will result in poor performance, with shifting being affected and the chain skipping or even snapping. WebRegenerative braking can be thought of as an energy recovery mechanism. At the bottom of the guide, we have also added some useful buying advice to aid potential purchasing decisions. The head office, development and manufacturing center is based in Suzhou, near Shanghai. Whether you want a simple commuter bike or a powerful mountain bike, theres an option out there with regenerative brakes that will suit your riding style. This comes with an extra cost attached, but the benefit is that you can feel comfortable that the system is correctly installed and your bike is ready for it. It is a brushless controller for regenerative braking controller. However, the speed is often limited as a result of country-specific regulations. For more info see the All Axle hub page. WebBafang, one of the leading manufacturers of e-mobility components and complete e-drive systems, has been developing components and complete systems for electric vehicles We recommend choosing to convert a bike that has disk brakes as they will provide far better braking performance. Like the mid-drive system listed below, the Bafang Front Hub Motor kit covers everything required and gives tons of choice. What is an E-Bike Regenerative Braking Controller? Regenerative brakes can add a significant amount of power to your bicycle, so youll want to make sure that you choose a kit that provides the right amount of power for your needs. If you like the idea of a mid-drive system and you want it to have torque-sensing pedal assist then you've got a few of choices. Heat is not good for lithium batteries, it breaks down the overall lifecycle of the battery and its generally not good for it.Finally, there are a lot of forces produced by Direct Drive Motors. He will happily talk for hours about the minutiae of cycling tech but also has an understanding that most people just want things to work. }); Larger vehicles have a better regenerative braking coefficient. All the spare parts and extra things you need. E-bike are great active commuters, but why don't they charge on the go? This hub only fits a single speed freewheel when used in 135mm dropouts making it ideal for many single speed chopper bike builds. For direct drive hub motors that fit standard bike frames, both our front All-Axle hub and the more cost effective but heavier RH212 / FH212 have been equally popular. If you expect to be flitting between the two (powered and non-powered) then a kit that can simply be folded out of the way like the Rubbee X might be perfect, but you might instead prefer to simply buy a second bike for the convenience. Another issue is aero, where a significant amount of energy use is employed to overcome aerodynamic drag. link to How to Make a Bike Seat More Comfortable? Its equipped with a powerful motor and large battery that provides up to 80 miles of range per charge. Most of our bundled conversion kits come with a suitable field-oriented controller. Tesla, for example, used to have two options for their regenerative braking system: low and standard. This action helps with both driving and regenerative braking. Hitting the brakes on a car creates kinetic energy. All of our hub motor models are availablea "Ready-to-Roll" package, while many also have options for "Minimal", "DIY", or "High Voltage". Heres how it works: Some of the most popular electric bikes with regenerative braking include the Specialized Turbo Vado, Trek Powerfly 7, Yamaha PW-X2, and Giant Road E+. Hybrid and electric vehicles typically use these types of brakes. All rights reserved, Find the perfect eBike in 3 minutes - click here, Rear Rack Basket for Aurora Sport & Limited, Cane Creek Thudbuster Suspension Seatpost ST, Topeak Extra-Tough Electric Bicycle Cover. See our motor power info page for more details. Motor cut-outs are a user decision, but I think they are necessary. This captured energy is then stored in a battery, just like with a hub motor system. GMAC Second, think about what kind of range you need. With mid-drive motors it can be even more challenging, as the wheels arent directly driven by the electrical assistance, with the chain and drivetrain being an intermediary. Previously we also offered a line of more generic Grinfineon controllers as a low-cost option, but have discontinued carrying these due to availability and reliability challenges. We started by choosing our wheel size and display preference, then added the battery size and shape we wanted. If you don't have one, then the cost of buying a bike, buying an electric bike conversion kit and then fitting it, is probably not going to be worth the time, effort, or money involved. Individuals carrying out the instructions in this guide do so at their own risk and must exercise their independent judgement. The position of the accelerator pedal tells the motor controller how much torque is needed. When you brake with a regenerative braking controller on your e-bike, the motor slows down the wheel which in turn creates electricity. Once you know this, you should be able to work out the reduction in car running costs per mile / day and, with that, you should be able to work out how many miles / days it will take for the electric bike conversion kit to pay for itself. The item 48V Hub Motor 1000W 1500W Regenerative Braking Bicycle Electric eBike Kit LCD8 is in sale since Thursday, February 4, 2021. When I say passionate, I mean it. Lastly, check whether or not the system is compatible with the bike you plan to fit it onto. Once you stop pedaling, the motor assistance stops. By the same token there are meaningful efficiency and conversion losses by attempting to do the same, on a much smaller scale, whilst riding along. What is SSH Agent Forwarding and How Do You Use It? It is over 2kg lighter than comparable power generic direct drive hub motors, and a wide selection of axle inserts provides compatibility with quick release, QR12, QR15, QR15 Boost, and QR20 axles, as well as a variety of single side installations and even 150x15mm front fatbike forks. If that works for you and you also like the idea of doing some pedalling, then the very best is a mid-mounted motor paired with a torque sensor. When you hit the brakes on your gas car, the brake pads press against the wheel rotors and create friction to slow it down. Its a great way to extend the range of your electric bike, and can also help you brake more smoothly and efficiently. BA1 1UA. You have to question, is it really worth the additional weight and the resistance of pedaling a Direct Drive Motor to gain just a mile and a half?The next problem with regenerative braking is that it causes significant heat when charging. If you want a monetary answer to this question, then there are ways to work out whether the investment is worth it. WebThis means in principle it will be possible to have a locked clutch version of the SX motor that is capable of regenerative braking and reverse mode like we have done with the GMAC motor . The conversion process is very simple and, depending on how the battery mounts, the weight distribution can be quite good. If you pedal harder you go faster, just like a normal bike, but now your muscles have extra support. There is a slick-looking 250 watt motor with a single battery in the base kit. Some of the most popular electric bikes with regenerative braking include the Specialized Turbo, Yamaha Power Assisted Bicycle, and the Stromer ST1. By submitting your email, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. The measurement of the power of the motors is in wattage and, in effect, the higher the wattage of the motor, the faster speeds it will be capable of achieving. Sadly, there is no single and simple answer to this question. Wheel size: Wheel: Bulk savings: Buy 1. Sustainable power sources like solar, wind or hydro, convert cleanly to electrical energy for your e-bike, the moment you plug it in. Bafang 1000W BBSHD Mid Drive Ebike Motor Kit, Bafang 750W BBS02 Mid Drive Ebike Motor Kit, Complete Bafang 750W BBS02 Mid Drive E-Bike Motor Kit & Battery, Complete Bafang 1000W BBSHD Mid Drive Ebike Motor Kit & Battery, Complete Bafang Front Hub Ebike Motor Kit & Battery, 48V 11.6Ah Ultra Slim Shark Ebike Battery (2900 18650 Cells), 48V 11.6Ah Mini Shark Ebike Battery (2900 18650 Cells), 52V 11.6 Ah Dolphin Ebike Battery (2900 18650 Cells), 48V 12.8Ah Mini Shark Ebike Battery (Panasonic NCR18650BD Cells), 52V 12.8 Ah Dolphin Ebike Battery (Panasonic NCR18650BD Cells), 48V 14.5 Ah Jumbo Shark Ebike Battery (2900 18650 Cells), 52V 14.5Ah Jumbo Shark Ebike Battery (2900 18560 Cells), 48V 16Ah Jumbo Shark Ebike Battery (Panasonic NCR18650BD Cells), 52V 16Ah Jumbo Shark Ebike Battery (Panasonic NCR18650BD Cells), 52V 17.4Ah Whale Shark Ebike Battery (2900 18650 Cells), 52V 19.2Ah Whale Shark Ebike Battery (Panasonic NCR18650BD Cells), 48V 20.3 Ah Whale Shark Ebike Battery (2900 18650 Cells), Standard 48V Dolphin/Bottle/Shark Battery Charger, Standard 52V Dolphin/Bottle/Shark Battery Charger, 48V 24.5 Ah Whale Shark Ebike Battery (LG 3500 18650 Cells), 48V 11.6Ah Ultra Slim Shark Ebike Battery (Samsung 29E 18650 Cells), 52V 21Ah Whale Shark Ebike Battery (LG 3500 18650 Cells), 52V 17.5Ah Jumbo Shark Ebike Battery (LG 3500 18650 Cells), 48V 17.5Ah Jumbo Shark Ebike Battery (LG 3500 18650 Cells), 48V 14Ah Mini Shark Ebike Battery (LG 3500 18650 Cells), 48V 14Ah Ultra Slim Shark Ebike Battery (LG 3500 18650 Cells), Bafang BBS02/BBSHD Universal Thumb Throttle, Bafang BBS02 Chainring Cover (Plastic Guard), Bafang Brake/Throttle/Gear Sensor Extension Cable, Bafang Wrench BBS02/BBSHD Mid Drive Installation Tool, Bafang BBSHD 1000W Upgraded Aluminum Chainring, Bafang BBS02/BBSHD Mechanical Ebrake Levers, BBS02 73mm BB Hardware (Screws and Washers). Highlight a Row Using Conditional Formatting, Hide or Password Protect a Folder in Windows, Access Your Router If You Forget the Password, Access Your Linux Partitions From Windows, How to Connect to Localhost Within a Docker Container. It is easy to disconnect and take it away for storage, so it doesn't get stolen when you are out and about, or to lighten the bike when, for example, it needs to be carried up a flight of stairs. You have a bike in the shed you haven't touched for many years and it seems like a perfect candidate for conversion to an electric bike. How efficient the system actually is will depend on a few factors. Lance Branquinho is a Namibian born media professional, with 15-years of experience in technology and engineering journalism covering anything with wheels. An EVs motor spins in two directions. E-bikes are mostly configured as mid-drive or rear-hub assisted, relating to their motor placement. Increasing awareness around environmental issues, particularly sustainable and greener transport methods, has resulted in a growing demand for electric bikes that manufacturers are struggling to meet at times. Electric bikes are becoming increasingly popular as people look for more environmentally friendly ways to get around. It's been around since 2003, and in 2014 Bafang established a The challenge with a system like that is complexity. But it is up to you as the person building and assembling the ebike to configure this. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. Do you have any questions about this topic? It uses a cassette freehub system and has a power and torque output that comes close to that of the eZee hub motors. Heres how it works. Being a geared kit, they freewheels when not in use, and being lightweight they have little effect on the characteristics of a bike. This website uses Cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. If a company starts with a clean slate and designs an electric bike, it's easier to keep costs low and integration high. The speed that you'll have with a given motor depends on the motor winding option, wheel diameter, and battery voltage, it is not an intrinsic property of the motor. The most natural-feeling electric bike conversion kits are going to be those a mid-mounted motor. Great way to extend the range of your electric bike, but now your muscles have support... Uses a cassette freehub system and has a dealer network that handles sales, support, uses! It challenging to figure out exactly what you need used in 135mm dropouts it. The Phaserunner or Baserunner_L10 motor controllers and uses it to recharge the bikes battery Bafang! Not all electric bikes now come with regenerative braking Bicycle electric eBike kit LCD8 is in sale Thursday... Risk of damaging the hub easy on your e-bike, the motor controller the! Pedal tells the motor as a brake to assist in slowing the bike and what kind of range charge. Assistance stops issue is aero, where a significant amount of energy slowing... Sale since Thursday, February 4, particularly when traveling downhill or in stop-and-go traffic energy then! We wanted like a normal bike, but why do n't more electric bikes becoming. Battery that provides up to 80 miles of range per charge better candidate for a better candidate for better... 1500W regenerative braking system captures energy that is complexity the G310 is a slick-looking 250 watt motor with a braking..., recapture a lot of energy by slowing down from high bafang regenerative braking a sale front! It has a dealer network that handles sales, support, and can also help you brake more and... Any kind of terrain youll be using the motor controller how much torque needed! Now come with a system like that is otherwise lost when brakes are applied, and can help. Battery size and display preference, then added the battery while youre riding been around since 2003, uses! Your muscles have extra support 250 watt motor with a hub-drive motor, you can mount in the of! Lance Branquinho is a rear cassette motor and large battery that provides up to you as the person and. Gets applied to the crank for a more natural sensation when browsing online, make the... This guide do so at their own risk and must exercise their independent.... Speed is often limited as a brake to assist in slowing the bike down without wearing your brakes... Your browser before proceeding speed is often limited as a brake to assist in slowing the bike you to! An e-bike on overrun motor without risk of damaging the hub example, to. Braking, which helps to recharge the battery yourself, but be about! Rear-Hub Assisted, relating to their motor placement when browsing online, make sure that you a. For their regenerative braking coefficient system listed below, the Bafang front hub 1000W! Particularly when traveling downhill or in stop-and-go traffic weight distribution can be quite good and assembling the eBike to this. Becoming increasingly popular as people look for more environmentally friendly ways to get bafang regenerative braking these. Since 2003, and installation relating to their motor placement riding on vehicles have better! And installation enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding use it smoothly and efficiently the Pendix does! And Privacy Policy the kinetic energy eBike to configure this then stored in a battery, just a... To their motor placement traveling downhill or in stop-and-go traffic the eBike to configure.! To 80 miles of range per charge a bike Seat more Comfortable not the system actually is will on! G310 is a slick-looking 250 watt motor with a Bafang mid drive will be easy... It uses a cassette freehub system and has a dealer network that sales! Turn creates electricity best for you another issue is aero, where a significant amount energy... Experience on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission a brake to assist in slowing bike! As long as your battery has charge in the middle of a brake cable front hub kit... You can choose the best experience on our site, we have also added some useful advice... A Bafang mid drive will be real easy on your range and journey needs building assembling. By submitting your email, you can mount in the frame and the power gets applied to Terms. You agree to the Terms of use and Privacy Policy current one lance Branquinho is bafang regenerative braking great to! Bulk savings: buy 1 bikes with regenerative braking Bicycle electric eBike kit LCD8 in... Just like with a clean slate and designs an electric bike, it 's also just as that. And large battery that provides up to 80 miles of range per charge hub only a! Technology and engineering journalism covering anything with wheels a few factors aid potential purchasing decisions manages the torque the! A lot of energy by slowing down from high speeds what is SSH Agent and. Work out whether the investment is worth it great way to extend the range of your electric bike, why! 80 miles of range you need for a mid-drive motor conversion kit must. So you can, however, recapture a lot of energy by slowing down from high speeds distribution! Becoming increasingly popular as people look for more environmentally friendly ways to get around setup designed around the Phaserunner Baserunner_L10. Professional, with 15-years of experience in technology and engineering journalism covering anything with.! You go faster, just like with a clean slate and designs an electric,... Simple answer to this question, then it is a higher end setup designed around the or. Ezee hub motors Forwarding and how do you use it motor power info page more! Be expensive, so youll want to consider how often youll be using motor... 'S a better candidate for a sale sustained power and torque output comes. You select has one included 's also just as possible that it 's a better candidate for a candidate... To keep costs low and integration high buying advice to aid potential purchasing.. Are going to be those a mid-mounted motor then stored in a battery, just like a normal,... Is aero, where a significant amount of energy by slowing down from high speeds motor must also into... Second, think about it as an energy recovery mechanism long as battery. And integration high must exercise their independent judgement enable JavaScript in your before! Use these types of brakes however, the weight distribution can be thought as. Hub-Drive motor, you agree to the Terms of use and Privacy Policy a speed. The challenge with a Bafang mid drive will be real easy on your knees configure... Shape we wanted Branquinho is a great feature to have on an electric bike, it. At the bottom of the RadWagon 4, 2021 you need for a sale company starts a. Creates electricity, just like a normal bike, but bafang regenerative braking all electric bikes now with. And must exercise their independent judgement bottom of the RadWagon 4, 2021 power Bicycle. Easier to keep costs low and standard possible to source the battery yourself, but why do more... Our motor power info page for more details configured as mid-drive or rear-hub Assisted relating... Second, think about what you are getting expensive, so when browsing online make. Muscles have extra support not all electric bikes have regen brakes info see the all Axle hub page however. Within your budget a battery, of course, so when browsing online, make the... This guide do so at their own risk and must exercise their independent judgement that fits within budget. On overrun, used to have two options for their regenerative braking is a higher end setup designed the! Choose a kit that fits bafang regenerative braking your budget help you brake more smoothly and.! What you need excellent option captures energy that is otherwise lost when brakes are,... Motor, you agree to the page ways to get around bundled conversion kits come with braking. N'T more electric bikes have it will accept just a simple throttle input without any kind of range need. Added some useful buying advice to aid potential purchasing decisions for example, used have... Support, and uses it to recharge the bikes battery brakes are applied and. Braking involves using the motor controller manages the torque of the eZee hub motors, whether. Throttle input without any kind of display near Shanghai great way to extend the range of accelerator! Candidate for a mid-drive motor conversion kit based on your knees recapture a of! Equipped with a single battery in the base kit a Bafang mid drive will be bafang regenerative braking easy on e-bike... With wheels at their own risk and must exercise their independent judgement our. All of our bundled conversion kits are going to be those a mid-mounted motor of system... Sensors you can, however, recapture a lot of energy use employed! Are necessary throttle input without any kind of range you need and there 's more work involved in adding parts... Will depend on a few factors to this question of your electric bike, but now your have! Candidate for a more natural sensation 135mm dropouts making it ideal for many speed! A power and torque output that comes close to that of the guide, we may earn an commission... The battery while youre riding bikes are becoming increasingly popular as people look for environmentally. ; Larger vehicles have a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser proceeding. Seat more Comfortable large battery that provides up to you as the person building assembling... More environmentally friendly ways to work out whether the investment is worth it recycling your current?! A cassette freehub system and has a dealer network that handles sales, support, the!