316 0 obj <>stream Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephant www.BioInteractive.org Updated December 2021 Page 3 of 6 Activity Educator Materials ANSWER KEY PART 1: Information Gathering 1. In this activity, students engage in key science practices that scientists used to figure out ecosystem dynamics in the Serengeti. Total: 129 a. Description. In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants, who survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. 2. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the observation that many female elephants lack tusks. HHMI Educator Tip Tuskless Elephants - YouTube In this video blog post, Kaitlin Bonner, an assistant professor of biology at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, NY, explains how she uses. Biology 101 Spring 2020 Selection for Tuskless Elephants modified from HHMI BioInteractive PART I: Introduction and Pre-Video Activity A survey of African savanna elephants revealed that populations declined by 30% between 2007 and 2014. This video follows the work of researchers conducting the first census. The study shows that tuskless male elephant offspring are not viable, meaning that population decline is accentuated, Pelletier says. But in males with no other X chromosome to fall back on, that mutation appears to cause death in the womb. PART 2: Video Activity . %%EOF In this video Dr. Joyce Poole explains a possible reason. There was a huge skew in the sex ratio, with very few adult males. video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Planarians can be used to investigate a variety of biological phenomena like animal behavior, mitosis, taxonomy, and more. The Resource Google Folder link directs to a Google Drive folder of resource documents in the Google Docs format. Posted on 11/01/2021 by 11/01/2021 by We know we have a lot of work to do to address racial inequities in science teaching. HS-LS4-2, HS-LS4-3, HS-LS4-4, HS-LS4-5; SEP1, SEP5, SEP6, EVO-1.E, EVO-1.G, SYI-2.B, SYI-3.D; SP3, SP4, SP5, SP6, Topic(s): 2.1, 2.6, 9.10 endstream endobj 416 0 obj <. Students apply what they have learned to evaluate the results of different tests that have been used throughout sports history to qualify female athletes to compete. In females, mutations in a key gene on one of their X chromosomes seems to be responsible for tusklessness. By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. Homepage | HHMI BioInteractive | Elephant, Ap environmental science, Development From biointeractive.org Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Math.N-Q.A.1, Math.N-Q.A.3, Math.S-IC.3; MP2, MP3, IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017), Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Evolution and Ecology Resources, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license, Why no tusks? This activity explores images of a coral bleaching event, which serve as phenomena for learning about marine ecosystems, human impacts, and climate change. To prevent his AP Environmental Science students from having "problem fatigue," Florida educator Scott Sowell focuses on how environmental solutions are developed, justified, implemented, and evaluated. AQ` n& Answers Biointeractive Hhmi - Effebi.biella.it. 415 0 obj <> endobj II. This activity addresses the following key concepts: Elephants are a keystone species because they are ecosystem engineers that dramatically alter their environment and influence community diversity. It also includes a library of ready-to-use videos with embedded questions. hbbd```b``"wH&NQ fg`5jz XX$^feN3)R@1y"A9m v \`@=`6/Af Zl "30 0 r Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Allele and Phenotype Frequencies in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Color Variation Over Time in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Look Who's Coming for Dinner: Selection by Predation, The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, Simulating Evolution of a Rock Pocket Mouse Population. Students will then analyze data to investigate the impact of human activity, namely poaching, on elephant populations. The immune system responds to pathogens in two main ways: innate and adaptive immune responses. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. Analyze quantitative data in order to make predictions based on evidence. Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. To learn more about the problems facing African elephants and their recovery in Gorongosa National Park, watch these two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census and all of Selection for Tuskless Elephants. The frequency of tusklessness, the team found, increased from about 18.5 percent before the war to 50.9 percent after. Discover world-changing science. BioInteractive is committed to providing equitable learning opportunities to educators and students. Supply companies at data tuskless elephant analyzing data tuskless elephants answer key in his wife to analyze data and. One of the genes, AMELX, is known from decades of basic research in mice and humans to play a role in mammalian tooth development. It is important to track how many elephants are left and where they live to help protect them. endstream endobj startxref This data-driven activity accompanies the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Not all downloadable documents for the resource may be available in this format. This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Follow Nuwer on Twitter @RachelNuwerCredit: Nick Higgins. Keep up with the latest from BioInteractive! Key Concepts. Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, A Genetic Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease, Vertebrate Declines and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Learning Scientific Language with a Graphic Organizer. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. Explore the methods scientists use to survey elephants. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. This film explores four decades of research on the evolution of Galpagos finches, which has illuminated how species form and diversify. Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. Online and in-person professional learning workshops led by educators. As you watch the videos, complete the questions from the "Task 1" handout. Poaching is artificially selecting for tuskless elephants who can better survive, mate, and pass on their genes to the next generation. Resume watching the video until The rapid rise in frequency of a severe disease allele that kills males is surprising and speaks to the overwhelming intensity of poaching during civil unrest, he says. Discover tools to help plan lessons and opportunities to support professional learning. Gorongosas elephant population declined by about 90 percent, from more than 2,500 individuals in 1972 to fewer than 250 in 2000. Elephants were not an obvious choice for Campbell-Staton, who has mostly focused on lizards until now. endstream endobj startxref %PDF-1.5 % Most of the elephants killed naturally did have tusks. The Google Drive folder is set as View Only; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File Make a copy. These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the Details section below, including crediting BioInteractive. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. Describe how biological sex and gender differ from each other. endstream endobj startxref The researchers first needed to determine whether it was actually the selection from poaching that led to a disproportionate number of tuskless individuals or if it was just some fluke of chance that emerged as the population crashed. +A,2k]lJ^G@R`Y0~8!CNC!MM5V_.0mLt(P1Gh9 k1]8Ay0 Ik@ +Xndi) g[! ;X2ELb/6-qRrT3p0=qb3]1#>7}}2D/Q 59E ,;! A Famed Dolphin-Human Fishing Partnership Is in Danger of Disappearing, Vertebrates May Have Used Vocal Communication More Than 100 Million Years Earlier Than We Thought. Additionally, disruptions to the same region of the X chromosome in humans is associated with a syndrome that usually causes male fetuses to abort in the second trimester. The human immune system is made up of many cells, organs, and tissues. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. In this study, scientists used DNA profiling to determine where ivory seized from poachers had originated. Poaching brings evolutionary pressure for tusklessness. 254 0 obj <> endobj In this inquiry-based activity, students engage in science practices to figure out why some people with a genetic condition that usually leads to sickle cell disease do not have disease symptoms. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. This has left a notable gap in the literature that the new paper helps to fill. Using those samples, they identified candidate regions in the genome that, when mutated, seemed to explain tusklessness and its apparent male lethality. 2 Use evidence-based predictions to explain how a population changes over time due to human impacts. 0 endstream endobj 256 0 obj <. Meat Only: 19 b. Tusks Only: 75 c. Meat and Tusks: 27 4. Video Activity 7. chromosome, differences in sex development (DSD), estrogen, Olympics, ovary, primary/secondary sex characteristic, sex determining region Y (SRY), testes, testosterone, X inactivation. 6. This pattern suggested to the researchers a sex-linked genetic origin for what they were seeing. This activity explores images of elephants with and without tusks, which serve as phenomena for learning about selection and human impacts on the frequency of traits within populations. Nature, in this case at least, seems to be correcting itself. Let's Go! This data-driven activity accompanies the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers, who sell the tusks on the ivory market. The added information provided at pause points within the animation How We Get Our Skin Color allows for a richer exploration of the topic of human skin structure and function. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Watch the Selection for Tuskless Elephants video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so one might expect strong natural selection for having tusks. Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Moth Mimicry: Using Ultrasound to Avoid Bats. 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