Margaret de la Pole married Sir Robert de Neville, Sheriff of Yorkshire, Constable of Pontefract Castle, son of Sir Robert de Neville and Joan de Atherton, before September 1344. I am no traitor, no, not I! In May 1539 Henry, Margaret, Exeter and others were attainted, as Margaret's father had been. Nor make one step, as you shall see; Margaret Pole was born about four years after her parents had married, and was the first child born after the couple lost their first child on board a ship fleeing to France during the Wars of the Roses. On her wrist, emblematic, is a small barrel. Lewis, Jone Johnson. He blundered badly, hacking at Margaret's neck and shoulders until she was dead. She was an apt enough pupil to later converse with visitors in Latin. Higginbotham is more comfortable with biography, but this has not deterred her publisher from dressing up her new book like a historical novel of the type she doesnt much like, with a moody wash of colour and a woman with trailing skirts and half a head. Neither Francis I of France nor the Emperor supported this effort and the English government tried to have Reginald assassinated. After several months, he was visited by Cromwell, but More refused to engage him in debate and merely declared himself a faithful subject of the king. Margaret was a daughter of George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence and Isabella Neville. Henry was able to play peacemaker. The queen had suffered a series of miscarriages throughout their marriage; their only surviving child was the Princess Mary. After his death, and for centuries thereafter, Sir Thomas More was known as the most famous victim of Henry VIIIs tyranny. It is painted on a dateable oak panel, and the dates suit the presumed subject, but the artist is anonymous. But that was years in the future. He handled his responsibilities with his usual skill, but it was a balancing act, and an increasingly dangerous one. Our Lady of Lourdes in Harpenden, Hertfordshire. Although a jury of twelve men would have . It is at this moment that we must step back and consider the England in which More now lived. Some stories even claim this was at his own request, having been permitted to choose the manner of his execution. (Scientists aren't absolutely sure that people register no pain when the head is removed or that they lose consciousness instantaneously.) Pierces book is thorough and scholarly, and her work is acknowledged in Higginbothams biography, which is less detailed, but serious and judicious. He dictated letter after letter. Yet even as his legal future seemed assured, More was deeply conflicted about his future. He had a true gift for friendship and inspired deep loyalty amongst his family and friends. [3], Margaret was born at Farleigh Castle in Somerset, the only surviving daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, and his wife Isabel Neville, who was the elder daughter of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, and his wife Anne Beauchamp, 16th Countess of Warwick. His name was on the attainder and he was brought before the Privy Council in February 1534. In 1540, Cromwell fell from favour and was attainted and executed. His lands and titles were thereby forfeited. In 1536, Pole sent Henry a treatise which not only opposed Henrys grounds for divorce that he had married his brothers wife and thus the marriage was invalid but also opposing Henrys more recent assertion of Royal Supremacy, power in the church in England above that of Rome. When Henry gave the nod for the execution to take place, no one was give. by Susan Higginbotham. You see, we speak of being anchored to our principles. She was born on the 14th August 1473 and married Sir Richard Pole in 1491, having five children before she was widowed in 1505. He would arrive unbidden, to either eat with the family or walk in the garden with More, his arm slung casually about Mores shoulders. Anne was the anointed queen. Her early years are obscure. at, Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March (conflation of, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 21:21. Margaret reminded Reginald what they all owed to the Tudors, and urged him to give up his enterprise, to take another way and serve the king: his renegade actions, she said, had plunged her into grief and fear, and trust me, Reginald, there never went the death of thy father or of any child so nigh my heart. Thomas Cromwell, who spied efficiently on the whole family, tried to have Reginald abducted or assassinated. Margaret Pole was restored to a position as lady-in-waiting, which helped her financial situation. Margaret, wife of Sir William Harington. Such was his reputation that the the great universities Oxford and Cambridge made him high steward. More importantly, he developed a personal relationship with Henry VIII, and because known as the kings intellectual courtier. He collected books and rare objects, but he gave away his possessions freely as well. ODNB, which argues that the restoration was a tacit admission of her brother's innocence; however, lands and titles had been restored to the heirs of guilty peers during the previous century. But Margaret Pole, one of the great magnates of Tudor England, is not overlooked. But if the great Sir Thomas More believed the king to be wrong? He needed to convince the Spanish he was secure in his kingdom. She had a dispute over land with Henry VIII in 1518; he awarded the contested lands to the Dukedom of Somerset, which had been held by his Beaufort great-grandfather, and were now in the possession of the Crown. Because of this, she becomes an unprovoked target for the King's anger. Abstract. Henry VIIIs later statements to the contrary, his marriage to Katharine began happily and continued so for some years. When her husband died in 1505, Margaret became a widow with five children. In some cases, they conspired against the crown while claiming, if it went badly, that their weak female brains had been addled by male influence, and that fragility and brittleness allowed their trust to be easily abused. Please include name, address and a telephone number. As a young king, he was named Defender of the Faith by the pope for defending the church against Protestant heresy; his Lord Chancellor was Cardinal Thomas Wolsey. He returned to Padua in 1532 and received a last English benefice in December of that same year. It was, Henry told him, proof that his marriage to Katharine was incestuous due to her previous marriage to his brother. With the accession of the young king uxorious, beautiful and benign England seemed to have entered a golden age: and at his coronation, all the spectators, and presumably Margaret Pole with them, with great reverence, love and desire, said and cried: Yea, yea!. Her mother died after giving birth to a fourth child; that brother died ten days after their mother. Henry needed a son and heir. Afterwards, he made a botched suicide attempt. And the king was now newly enamored of a young noblewoman called Anne Boleyn. And "Look," we say, "look, I'm anchored! We know her, as we know so many of her contemporaries, through her inventories, through legal documents and official letters. She was beatified by the Roman Catholic Church in 1886 as a martyr.Occupation:Lady-in-waiting to Catherine of Aragon, manager of her estates as Countess of Salisbury.Dates:August 14, 1473 May 27, 1541Also known as: Margaret of York, Margaret Plantagenet, Margaret de la Pole, Countess of Salisbury, Margaret Pole the Blessed. In 1541, Margaret was executed, protesting that she had not taken part in any conspiracy and proclaiming her innocence. Because she was a girl Margaret did not represent the same threat. He encouraged them to do so. More was not a man to be broken by prison, but he suffered physically. Likewise, Henry became understandably angry at the papacys refusal to repudiate Charles. [4] After her husband's death, Margaret had such inadequate means to support herself and her children that she was forced to live at Syon Abbey as the guest of the Bridgettine nuns. Margaret Pole ended up becoming a Catholic martyr. As widows, or as deputies to living husbands, they handled complex legal and financial affairs with aplomb, while assenting outwardly at least to their status as irrational and inferior beings. The danger the Tudors saw lay not in the present disposition of the Pole family who vehemently protested their loyalty but in their claim to the throne, and in Reginalds actions while he was out of the jurisdiction. Margarets husband Richard died in 1504, leaving her with five young children and very little land or money. And as his own reputation grew in London, he attracted the notice of the all-powerful Cardinal Wolsey. In this first biography of a significant female figure in the male-dominated world of British Tudor politics, Hazel Pierce reconsiders the life and martyrdom of Catholic duchess Margaret Pole against the changing social and political landscape of her times. Her father was the younger brother of Edward IV and Richard III. It proved to be another happy marriage, though Mores friends remarked upon Alices sharp tongue and occasionally brusque ways. Towards the block I shall not go! Thomas More worked hard for the king. * Thomas Stafford (1531-4 May 1557) who was captured and executed for High Treason in Scarborough. It was More's execution - far more than those of Anne Boleyn or Thomas Cromwell or Margaret Pole - which established the king's reputation for capricious cruelty. My faithfulness stands fast and so, He badgered Katharine ceaselessly. But in the meantime, More had eighteen months of seclusion and study at his home in Chelsea. Margaret would have been too young to remember her mother, and it is likely that she was brought up within her fathers princely household, then after his execution lived with her cousins, the many daughters of Edward IV. But Lord Montagu attended Annes coronation as he would later attend her trial. But the kings horoscope was looking nasty and, according to a Spanish commentator, he aged twenty years in two weeks. But three years into his reign, the young Henry VIII restored her to the greater part of her revenues and gave her back a family title, creating her Countess of Salisbury in her own right. A Bill of Attainder disinherited Margaret and her younger brother, Edward, and removed them from the line of succession. Henry VII had Edward executed, leaving Margaret as the sole survivor of George of Clarence. In 1509, when Henry VIII came to the throne after his fathers death, he married his brothers widow, Catherine of Aragon. How to Be Tudor: Can a King Have Friends. International This was partly due to Mores intellectual prominence; he was perhaps the most famous Englishman on the continent, with a wide and varied correspondence. The only people to escape the toxicity of the court were Lina (Stephanie Levi-John) and Oviedo (Aaron Cobham), who decided to seek a new life in the Ottoman Empire. Her second son, Arthur Pole, had a generally successful career as a courtier, becoming one of the six Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber. Following Richard's death in 1504, Margaret no longer had the fortune to support. The little Earl of Warwick remained alive and shut away. The sons of Edward IV, 11 and 13 years old, had been held in the Tower by their uncle Richard III, and last been seen by Londoners in the summer of 1483. I decided to investigate anemometers, because I wanted to look at different ways of measuring wind speed. The axe hit her shoulder instead of her neck, and she escaped the guards and ran around screaming as the executioner chased her with the axe. The reasons were various, but the most important was Katharines position as aunt to the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. Charles would not let his aunt be cast aside (he was also considering the dynastic appeal of her daughter with Henry), and he pressured the pope to deny Henrys petition. But Reginald stayed in Italy through the reign of Anne Boleyn supposedly preparing a learned statement on the kings case. Later in life, he bitterly resented her abandonment of him. They were preventing her marriage to the king. Elizabeth Darrell, later Thomas Wyatts mistress, refused the oath; Lady Hussey, wife of one of Marys household, was imprisoned because she would not accept Marys exclusion from the succession and insisted on addressing her as a princess. He sent envoys. But Margaret kept any dissident thoughts to herself, avoiding jeopardy until, in the summer of 1536, the actions of her son Reginald plunged her whole family into trouble. It mattered to London shopkeepers, and to great churchmen. Ursula married into the powerful Stafford family; of Margarets sons, only Reginald did not marry; by the age of seven he was given utterly to God. In 1537, after the split from the Roman Catholic Church proclaimed by Henry VIII, Pope Paul II created Reginald Pole who, though he had studied theology extensively and served the church, had not been ordained a priest Archbishop of Canterbury, and assigned Pole to organize efforts to replace Henry VIII with a Roman Catholic government. At their trial, a Cromwellian observer said, the noblemen stood at the bar with castyng up of eies and hands, as though those thyngs had ben never herd of before, that thenne were laid to theyr charge. In 1535, Englands ambassador began suggesting that Reginald Pole marry Henrys daughter Mary. We can't imagine how Margaret was feeling, she was 65 years of age when brought to the tower in 1539, an advanced age by the standards of the day. He was not prepared, as he saw it, to imperil his immortal soul by taking the oath that Henry required of all his people, and he died for his belief.. Mary's household was broken up at the end of the year, and Margaret asked to serve Mary at her own cost, but was not permitted. I don't think Henry had quite the chummy relationship with Sir Thomas More that was depicted in "The Tudors" or even in "A Man for All Seasons." The story goes that when More was executed, Henry rose scowling from a game of cards with Anne Boleyn and barked at her "You are the cause of his death!" Higginbotham follows Pierce in refusing to vilify Henry for his treatment of the Poles. Shortly thereafter, (probably in November 1487) Henry VII gave Margaret in marriage to his cousin, Sir Richard Pole, whose mother was a half-sister of the king's mother, Margaret Beaufort. Calculate relationship; Relationship with x x (Sosa/Ahnentafel #1) Relationship with Thomas Chaworth (spouse) More . Sir Thomas having continued a Prisoner in the Tower somewhere more than a Twelvemonth, for he was committed about the middle of April 1534, and was brought to his Trial on the 7th of May, 1535. he went into the Court leaning on his Staff, because he was much weakened by his Imprisonment, but appeared with a cheerful and composed Countenance. He was the child Margaret had been carrying when her brother Warwick was executed. Gregory had been corresponding with Reginald; the investigation of Henry Courtenay, Marquess of Exeter (Henry VIII's first cousin and Geoffrey's second cousin), had turned up his name. After his marriage to Anne Boleyn and the birth of their daughter, Elizabeth, Mary was sent to join the household of the infant princess. Margaret's own favour at Court varied. Lewis, Jone Johnson. Basically, they disliked and mistrusted one another. The symbolism and importance of this decision cannot be underestimated. It was a small mercy. After Richard was killed, Margaret came to court under the new regime, and in September 1486 she attended the christening of Arthur, the first Tudor prince. Pole, niece of both Edward IV and Richard III, was the only woman apart from Anne Boleyn to hold a peerage in her own right during the . Either her sons had not made her aware of their dealings, Fitzwilliam concluded, or she was an adept in brazen deceit. Contemporary chroniclers often referred to him as a friend of the poor. Her husbands career flourished. The prestige of her ancient family, her traditionalist stance in religion, and her status as a peer in her own right all these defined a woman who might wish to resist the new order. It was sumptuously furnished and built of brick a modern material but moated, crenellated, archaic in form. Even the more sedate accounts agree that, like Thomas Cromwell, she was hacked about by a second-string executioner. Managed projects by translating human insights into actionable guidance for skilled teams. Edward IV died in 1483 when Margaret was ten. On 18 February 1478, aged 28, George, Duke of Clarence, brother to the King of England, was executed. [18][19][20][21][22] Margaret was buried in the chapel of St Peter ad Vincula within the Tower of London. He married Anne Cheney, daughter of Nicholas Cheney. Margaret Pole had connections to all manner of visitor attractions, including Farleigh Hungerford Castle, Somerset, where she was born,and the Tower of London. He wore many hats: chief diplomat, speechwriter, advisor. Those two could only get along for short while before things got heated. [23] Her remains were later uncovered when the chapel was renovated in 1876.[24][25]. If you use any of the content on this page in your own work, please use the code below to cite this page as the source of the content. No one would stage a rebellion in her favour while there were male Yorkists to mount a challenge. The two men had first met in 1497 and remained close friends until Mores death. Ultimately, they would both become martyrs of their faith (though this show is not likely . She served later as a governess to Mary. He lived in relative poverty, for he held no office and relied solely upon the hundred pounds per annum he collected from a property rental. But eventually the break between the king and his chief minister could not be ignored. As part of his 'Random Histo. Both Henry and Reginald Pole were attainted in 1539; Geoffrey was pardoned. Here's how the cast of The Spanish Princess compares to their real-life counterparts, from Catherine to Margaret Pole. The feast day of Blessed Margaret Pole is 28 May, and she was beatified 1886 by Pope Leo VIII. First I went on the Internet to find some ways of measuring wind speed. Margaret was one of just two women in 16th-century England to be a peeress in her own right (suo jure) without a husband in the House of Lords. And so, when More returned from a diplomatic mission to France in summer 1527, the king laid the open Bible before his favorite councilor. In 1512, an Act of Parliament restored to Margaret the Earldom of Salisbury and some of her brother's land which had belonged to it, for which she paid 5000 marks (2666.13s.4d), equivalent to 2,164,602 in 2021. That was clear to Cromwell almost from the first, and perhaps to More, too. In 1487, an imposter, Lambert Simmel, pretended to be her brother Edward, and was used to try to gather a rebellion against Henry VII. When historical novelists are looking for ways to empower their heroines they opt for making them hotshot herbalists or minxy witches. And the king did not force the issue. If the great Sir Thomas More believed the kings marriage to be unlawful, why, it must be so! https://www.thoughtco.com/margaret-pole-tudor-matriarch-and-martyr-3530618 (accessed March 1, 2023). Her son Reginald described himself afterwards as son of a martyr and in 1886, Pope Leo XIII had Margaret Pole beatified as a martyr. But he could not recognize the kings authority as head of the new church of England. Sir Thomas de la Pole was born circa 1378. Warwick At this point, Reginald delivered him a nasty surprise, in the shape of a letter denouncing him as a schismatic, heretic and disgrace to Christendom: a Nero, a wild beast. Answer (1 of 6): Anne Boleyn's death would have been instant and painless - to the extent that we can guess, anyway. More had already begun writing his History of King Richard III as well; it is considered the first masterpiece of English history and is wholly pro-Tudor. Margaret was born into the England of the Wars of the Roses and was the daughter of George, Duke of Clarence, one of Edward IV 's younger brothers and was of the House of York. She was executed in 1541, the act of attainder rendering a trial unnecessary. He was a brilliant scholar of the Renaissance who died rather than betray the Catholic church. To that end, he spent the next three years in study and prayer, wearing a hair shirt next to his skin (a practice he never abandoned), and struggling to reconcile his genuine religious fervor with the demands of the outside world. (Along with Margaret her sister-in-law Eleanor Pole was also a lady-in-waiting to Katherine. She served later as a governess to Mary. 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